Part 1. The Earth
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 388.
Unit 4. What Is Around Us?
Study the list of vocabulary and pronounce the words after the teacher:
Vocabulary:
Mercury ['mə:kjuri] – àñòð. ïëàíåòà Ìåðêóðèé
Venus ['vi:nəs] – àñòð. ïëàíåòà Âåíåðà
Earth [ə:θ] – àñòð. ïëàíåòà Çåìëÿ
Mars [ma:z] – àñòð. ïëàíåòà Ìàðñ
Jupiter ['dჳu:pitə] – àñòð. ïëàíåòà Þïèòåð
Saturn ['sætən] – àñòð. ïëàíåòà Ñàòóðí
Uranus [ju'reinəs] – àñòð. ïëàíåòà Óðàí
Neptune ['neptju:n] – àñòð. ïëàíåòà Íåïòóí
Pluto ['plu:təu] – àñòð. ïëàíåòà Ïëóòîí
size [saiz] – ðàçìåð
shape [∫eip] – ôîðìà
accurately ['ækjərətli] – òî÷íî
ancient ['ein∫(ə)nt] – äðåâíèé, àíòè÷íûé
flat [flæt] – ïëîñêèé
sphere [sfiə] – øàð
to approach [tə ə'prəut∫] – ïðèáëèæàòüñÿ
mast [ma:st] – ìà÷òà
funnel ['fën(ə)l] – äûìîõîä, òðóáà
(ïàðîâîçà, ïàðîõîäà)
visible ['vizəb(ə)l] – âèäèìûé
proof [pru:f] – äîêàçàòåëüñòâî
to provide [tə prə'vaid] – ñíàáæàòü, îáåñïå÷èâàòü
circumnavigating [‚sə:kəm‚nævi'geitiŋ] –
êðóãîñâåòíîå ïëàâàíèå
circumference [sə'këmf(ə)rəns] – îêðóæíîñòü, äëèíà îêðóæíîñòè
to measure [tə 'meჳə] – èçìåðÿòü
measurement ['meჳəmənt] – èçìåðåíèå
successfully [sək'sesf(ə)li] – óñïåøíî
calculations [‚kælkju'lei∫(ə)nz] – âû÷èñëåíèÿ
elevation [‚eli'vei∫(ə)n] – ïîäíÿòèå,
âîçâûøåíèå, ïîâûøåíèå
simultaneous [‚sim(ə)l'teiniəs] – îäíîâðåìåííûé
observation [‚ɔbzə'vei∫(ə)n] – íàáëþäåíèå
latter point ['lætə pɔint] – ïîñëåäíÿÿ òî÷êà
(èç äâóõ íàçâàííûõ)
vertical ['və:tik(ə)l] – âåðòèêàëüíûé
sighting ['saitiŋ] – îáíàðóæåíèå
to reason [tə 'ri:z(ə)n] – ðàññóæäàòü (ëîãè÷åñêè),
äåëàòü âûâîäû
to appear [tə ə'piə] – ïîÿâëÿòüñÿ, îêàçûâàòüñÿ
to compare [tə kəm'peə] – ñðàâíèâàòü
angular ['æŋgjulə] – óãëîâîé
displacement [dis'pleismənt] – ïåðåìåùåíèå
sail [seil] – ïàðóñ
evidence ['evid(ə)ns] – ïîäòâåðæäåíèå, îñíîâàíèå, ôàêòû
height [hait] – âûñîòà
to incline [tə in'klain] – íàêëîíÿòü
inclined [in'klaind] – íàêëîí¸ííûé, îòêëîíÿþùèéñÿ
to correspond [tə ‚kɔri'spɔnd] – ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü
pole [pəul] – ñòîëá
outward ['autwəd] – âíåøíèé, íàðóæíûé
quantity ['kwɔntiti] – êîëè÷åñòâî
conclusion [kən'klu:ჳ(ə)n] – óìîçàêëþ÷åíèå, âûâîä resemblance [ri'zembləns] – ñõîäñòâî
mile [mail] – 1,609 kilometres
to accept [tə ə'ksept] – ïðèíèìàòü
currently ['kërəntli] – â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ
Exercise 1. According to the following meanings find the words in the list of vocabulary given above:
- the furthest and the smallest planet in the solar system
- an outward form of an object
- a tall pole for supporting a ship's sails
- the evidence that shows that something is true
- the height above the sea level
- the sailing round the world
Exercise 2. Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right:
A. Adjectives:
- ancient a. even or smooth
- flat b. occurring at the same time
- simultaneous c. having angles
- vertical d. dating from very long ago; very old
- angular e. having reached a goal
- successful f. straight up and down
B. Verbs:
1. to approach a. to become visible or present
2. to provide b. to determine the size or quantity of
3. to measure c. to think logically in forming conclusions
4. to reason d. to examine things to find the resemblances and differences
5. to appear e. to come nearer
6. to compare f. to make available
Exercise 3. Discuss vocabulary of the previous exercises 2. and 3. using the following models:
Model 1:
A.– Peter, tell me please what does the word flat mean?
B.– I think it means even or smooth.
- – Oh, really? Now it is clear why this word is used in this sentence structure. Thank you.
B. – You are welcome. Ask any time you need.
Model 2:
A.– Peter, tell me please what does the word circumnavigating mean?
B. – Sorry, will you say it again, please? Which word?
A.– Circumnavigating.
B.– Ah, circumnavigating. It means sailing round the world.
A. – How interesting! Thanks a lot, Peter.
B. – No, problem. I am very glad to help you.
Exercise 4. Listen to the text “The Earth Speaks” twice and answer the following questions:
1. How old is the Earth?
2. How many people live on it?
3. What does the Earth give them?
4. What does the moon do?
5. What does the sun do?
6. What can the Earth see?
Exercise 5. Practice the reading of the following expressions and translate them into Russian:
calculated accurately, ancient peoples, from over the horizon, final proof, the elevation of the sun, photographs taken from spacecraft, simultaneous observations, widely separated observers, angular displacement of the sun, distance between the two ground sites, currently accepted
Exercise 6. While reading the following text “The Size and Shape of the Earth”, find the antonyms to the words given below:
- complicated –
- further –
- higher –
- horizontal –
- joint –
- narrowly –
| <== previous lecture | | | next lecture ==> |
| Concept check | | | The Size and Shape of the Earth |